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Kelli - My Blog
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Genetically Modified Food
Related to country: United States
About the book: "Genetically Engineered Food: Changing the Nature of Nature"
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Here is a report I wrote on genetically modified food:

Did you know that some foods in your local grocery stores and restaurants have been genetically engineered? That means, without consumer consent, the DNA in the food that you have been eating may have been changed by bioengineers for the benefit and profit of the producers. Genetically modified foods have both advantages and disadvantages, however the hazards appear to outweigh the benefits.

Genetically engineered foods are those that had genes from other species put into their DNA sequences (Genetically 1). The purpose of genetic engineering is to create organisms, like food plants, with desirable features. This process has traditionally been done by selective breeding, a method that takes generations and might not always produce the result that was hoped for (Whitman 1). Genetic engineering is more precise, efficient, and quicker than breeding. Instead of cross breeding and hoping for the desired trait to show up in the offspring, bioengineers alter the organism’s DNA, which contains the directions for the traits that the organism will express.

Technically, desirable traits can be taken from one species and put into another, even if those two species are very different. For example, a gene from a fish that lives in cold water may be put into a tomato to make it tolerant of cold weather and resistant to frost. How do scientists get a gene from one organism to another? Bioengineers use vectors to bring the foreign DNA into an organism’s cells (Teitel 8). A virus is usually used as a vector, since a virus can break into cells’ DNA. To keep track of the genetically engineered cells, scientists make them resistant to antibiotics. (Teitel 9). That way, when antibiotics are put into a group of cells, only the genetically modified cells survive. Critics worry that the viruses may merge with viruses already in the host and worsen them. This could lead to serious health problems. Genetically engineering food is a controversial issue, which affects all of us.

There are many reasons why scientists and farmers are interested in developing genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Producer benefits include: plants that are pest resistant, herbicide tolerant, disease tolerant, cold tolerant, drought tolerant, and salinity tolerant. These advantages will result in an increase in food production and profit. “What is clear is that agriculture giants…have made huge commitments to developing genetically engineered crops that will help to answer humanity’s ever growing need for food.” (EDC’s 262).

Farmers use tons of chemical pesticides yearly to kill off insect pests (Whitman 2). The loss of crops due to insects results in a decrease in profit for farmers, and an increase in the need for pesticides. Pesticides have health hazards and pollute the environment. If plants are genetically modified to be resistant to pests, the dependence on pesticides could possibly be reduced.

Herbicides are used to kill off weeds that are soaking up nutrients from the soil and making it harder for crops to grow. They also pollute the environment and are costly for the farmers to buy. If plants are genetically engineered to be resistant to herbicides, then farmers can simply use one strong herbicide to kill off all the weeds instead of using many weaker ones that do not harm the sensitive crops.

Crops that are genetically engineered to be disease resistant can be immune to bacteria, viruses, and fungi (Whitman 2). The seedlings from genetically modified, cold-tolerant plants will not die from frost as they usually would. If plants can be made drought and salinity tolerant, then they can be grown in previously infertile locations.

Consumer benefits are often claimed to be: foods that would have more nutrition, longer shelf life, better taste, lower prices, and more desirable traits such as less fat (Genetically 1-2). Third world countries that live off of staples like rice can grow genetically engineered staples that could have potentially more nutrition. In that way, their simple diets could perhaps become healthier. Lower food costs would become possible due to the higher yields that could be grown, since the crops would be resistant to bugs, herbicides, and unfavorable environmental conditions.

Contrary to what the bioengineers tell us about how genetically modified foods will help the environment, there are actually many disadvantages and potential dangers for the environment. Possible environmental hazards include: the possibility of coevolution with pests, cross pollination with weeds or regular crops, extinction of the original species, decreased plant diversity, and new pest and viral problems.

Powerful herbicides are currently made to kill everything except GMO crops (Pitchford 20). Therefore, these herbicides are very toxic to the environment. In addition, the new gene arrangements in plants could lead to new toxins and allergies for plants, animals, and humans.

“This evolution of two interacting species in which change in one species results in change in the other species is called coevolution” (EDC’s 296). Since pests depend on crops as a food source, they may adapt and coevolve so that they can eat the new genetically engineered crops. That is a problem that may not have been brought under consideration by the bioengineers.

Another problem is that pollen from genetically modified crops can drift to another farm and bring the foreign genes into the crops there. Some bioengineers have put patents on certain genes, which makes these uncontrollable incidents even more problematic (Whitman 5). GMOs may also crossbreed with weeds. If the new herbicide-resistant plants cross pollinate with weeds, then the weeds will also become herbicide resistant, creating a new problem. In addition, genetically modified pollen can be harmful to good insects as well as bad. Corn pollen kills monarch butterfly caterpillars (Whitman 4). The new toxins in the plants can also kill many species of insects. Even worse yet, the antibiotic resistance in GMO DNA could spread to disease-causing bacteria. If that occurred, then people will no longer be able to use antibiotics to heal from the diseases (Teitel 39-40).

As the new GMO crops go through the process of natural selection, they might survive better than the original crops, thus leading to the extinction of the original crops. This is undesirable, because if GMOs do turn out to be problematic in the long run, then it would be too late to go back.

Another unfortunate aspect of genetic engineering is that it encourages uniform crops. Farmers have traditionally practiced selective seed saving. Now, some plants have been modified to kill their own seeds (Teitel 32). This benefits the big seed companies because farmers have to buy new seeds each year instead of saving their own seeds. In addition, GMO seeds are genetically uniform hybrids. Since they are all the same, this process will surely weaken plant diversity, which is important for the survival of crops. For example, let’s say some of the individual plants in a crop are tolerant of the cold, but the climate they are grown in is generally hot. If an unexpected weather change occurs which makes conditions unusually cold that year, then most plants in that crop would die off, but the few cold resistant ones would survive. Seeds could be collected from those plants, so that the farmers do not completely loose their whole crop. Yet, if all the plants were genetically uniform and were all pest resistant but not cold tolerant, then they would all die off and leave the farmer with nothing that unusually cold winter. This example demonstrates the importance of diversity within a plant population.

Lastly, new GMO crops could attract new pests and viral problems that were previously unheard of. The plants might no longer have their old pests preying on them, but they could attract new ones that might benefit from the changes. Then the farmers would have to take care of the new viruses and pests somehow. It would be the same as our current farming problems, except the new plants would have new problems, including possible new human health hazards.

There are many potential dangers to consuming genetically engineered food that have barely been looked into by the bioengineers or the companies investing in GMOs. These include new or unexpected allergic reactions, unwanted side effects, and other overlooked health risks for consumers. It is important to seriously consider the potential harm of eating food that is unnatural.

A major concern is that GMOs look exactly like normal plants, and they are not labeled, so consumers do not know when they are eating them. Foods currently being genetically modified include tomatoes, potatoes, squash, corn, soybeans, and canola oil (Genetically 2; Whitman 3-4). A vegetarian concern is that people will not be aware whether or not they are eating animal genes in their vegetables.

Flavr Savr tomatoes were the first GMOs to be sold in markets. The FDA approved them in 1994 (Teitel 21-22). These tomatoes had flounder fish genes in them to help increase their shelf life. When they first appeared in the markets, they were labeled genetically modified. Consumers were worried when they read these labels, and did not want to buy the GMO tomatoes. It was for this reason that they quickly stopped labeling GMO foods, and have not dared to label them again. (Teitel 21-22).

If the food companies cared about market signals, (in terms of economics),
they would have realized that the consumers did not want foreign genes in their food since they were unwilling to buy them. Yet, they are just going after profit for their own benefit, so they continue to sell unlabeled GMO food today (Teitel 7, 23). “…the prevalence of GM foods in U.S. grocery stores is more widespread than is commonly thought…[GM] food additives in the modern American diet virtually ensures that all U.S. consumers have been exposed to GM food products.” (Whitman 3).

An important health risk is the fact that allergies may unexpectedly be provoked. If you are allergic to the organism from which a gene was taken, then you will have allergic reactions when you consume the GMO food that contains those foreign genes (Teitel 37). Since GMO foods are not labeled, consumers will have no idea whether or not they are eating something that they will react to. GMO foods are already sold to the public. “There has been no adequate testing, however, to ensure complete safety” (Genetically 2-3).

Genetic engineering is a trial and error process. Tampering with genes on an organism’s DNA sequence could result in unexpected, hazardous side effects. The new genes could end up in the wrong place and have undesired and unexpected results. Scientists may try thousands of times before achieving the desired outcome (Teitel 11). Some of the viral-resistant GMO plants actually showed more vulnerability to creating new strong viruses (Teitel 24-25). “From a basic genetics perspective, GM [genetic modification] possesses an unpredictable component that is far greater than the intended change” (qtd. In Teitel 11).

One argument that supports genetically engineered food is that the increased crop yield could help third world countries. On the contrary, twenty African countries have agreed that genetic engineering would not help them. A representative from Ethiopia said bioengineering is “neither safe, environmentally friendly, nor economically beneficial” (qtd. In Pitchford 20). They believe that it would ruin natural diversity (Pitchford 20).

Genetically engineered foods seem to mostly benefit the producers and large companies. Mansanto is a company that particularly invests a great deal in GMOs. Some of the company’s GMOs have been approved without being properly tested for human safety (Teitel 36). “Selling first and asking questions later…seems to be business as usual” (Teitel 24). Since they get away with making GMOs that could have hazardous health effects, who knows what could happen to people when they eat this food. Unfortunately, the FDA approved GMO foods as “Generally Recognized As Safe” (GRAS) in 1992 (Smith 1).

"The process of creating the GM crop can produce all sorts of side effects, and the plants contain proteins that have never before been in the food supply. In the US, new types of food substances are normally classified as food additives, which must undergo extensive testing, including long-term animal feeding studies. If approved, the label of food products containing the additive must list it as an ingredient.
"There is an exception, however, for substances that are deemed 'generally recognized as safe' (GRAS). GRAS status allows a product to be commercialized without any additional testing. According to US law, to be considered GRAS the substance must be the subject of a substantial amount of peer-reviewed published studies (or equivalent) and there must be overwhelming consensus among the scientific community that the product is safe. GM foods had neither. Nonetheless, in a precedent-setting move that some experts contend was illegal, in 1992 the
FDA declared that GM crops are GRAS as long as their producers say they are. Thus, the FDA does not require any safety evaluations or labels whatsoever. A company can even introduce a GM food to the market without telling the agency. " (Smith 2-3)

Genetic Engineering is controversial for the reasons discussed in this paper. A safe alternative is to buy organic foods. Certified organics are naturally grown, are not genetically modified, and are pesticide free, since organic farmers introduce natural predators instead of using pesticides. Best of all, when buying these foods, you know what you are eating. Genetically engineered foods tend to be controlled by large, greedy companies. However, the choice of what you buy and what you eat, is yours.


Bibliography

EDC’s Center for Science Education and Production Team. Insights in Biology second edition. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, 2007.

“Genetically Engineered Foods.” New York Times. 24 Jan. 2009.

Pitchford, Paul. Healing with Whole Foods. Berkeley: North Atlantic Books, 2002.

Smith, Jeffrey. “AN FDA-CREATED HEALTH CRISIS CIRCLES THE GLOBE”. NewsWithViews.com. October 2007.<http://holisticradical.wordpress.com/2008/03/12g
enetically-modified-foods-and-crops-good-for-monsanto-bad-for-the-entire-world/>.

Teitel, Martin, PH.D., and Kimberly A. Wilson. Genetically Engineered Food: changing the nature of nature. Rochester: Park Street Press, 2001.

Whitman, Deborah B. “Genetically Modified Foods: Harmful or Helpful?”. Cambridge Scientific Abstracts. April 2000. <http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/gmfood/overview.php>.

April 4, 2009 | 4:01 PM Comments  0 comments
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Al Gore
Related to country: United States
About the book: "An Inconvenient Truth: The Crisis of Global Warming"
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Here is a report I wrote on Al Gore:

Al Gore has currently been working to raise awareness of our current environmental problems. He has traveled around the world teaching people what happened to get us into these problems, what these problems are, and what we can do to solve them. He is a hero to me because he is one of the only people working hard to fix our environmental problems, no matter what people say about him. He knows that the health of our planet has been overlooked and needs to be a priority today, and he has been working hard to get that message out to the public.

“Al Gore has for a long time been one of the world's leading environmentalist politicians. He became aware at an early stage of the climatic challenges the world is facing. His strong commitment, reflected in political activity, lectures, films and books, has strengthened the struggle against climate change. He is probably the single individual who has done most to create greater worldwide understanding of the measures that need to be adopted.” (nobleprize.org).


Al Gore is a contemporary environmental activist. He was born three years after World War 2. He was born into a high-class life, since his dad was a member of the U.S. Congress. He served in the Vietnam War as a journalist. (rense.com). He is now working to spread awareness about our current negative influences on the environment. The public began to become aware of environmental concerns like air, water, and herbicide pollution, diminishing energy resources, and radiation when Al was growing up. (history.sandiego.edu).

Albert “Al” Gore Jr. was born on March 31, 1948 in Washington DC. His parents were Pauline LaFon Gore and Albert Gore Sr., who was a U.S. representative from Tennessee at that time. He and his sister, Nancy LaFon Gore, were raised partly on the family farm in Tennessee, and partly in Washington DC. Gore recalls, “Since my childhood summers on our family’s farm on Tennessee, when I first learned from my father about taking care of the land, I have been deeply interested in learning more about threats to the environment.” (Gore, p. 8). He went to St. Albans School, a private school in D.C., from 1956 to 1965. He met Mary Elizabeth Aitcheson, “Tipper”, at his senior prom, and married her five years later.

Gore attended Harvard University in 1965. He began to major in English until 1967, when he took a climate science class that had a strong impact on him. “…I studied under a truly remarkable scientist, Professor Roger Revelle, who was the first person to propose measuring CO2 in the Earth’s atmosphere.” Gore turned his studies in the direction of environmental concerns, yet when he took a course on politics in 1968, he decided to change his major to government. (nytimes.com). In 1969, he graduated with a degree in government.

The same year, Al Gore was drafted into the U.S. military. One year after he married Tipper, he was sent to Vietnam to be a journalist in 1971. He was very against the Vietnam War, but had to go anyways. When he came back, he spent a year at the Vanderbilt University Divinity School. Tipper later said that it was a time of purification for him. (dir.salon.com). His daughter, Karenna Aitcheson Gore, was born in 1973. Gore worked for “The Tennessean” as a reporter. (cgi.cnn.com). He also studied at Vanderbilt University Law School, until he ran for a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives in 1976, to fill his father’s former seat.

Besides the importance he stressed on climate change, Gore promoted the following issues: completely paying off the national debt in 15 years, keep up economic prosperity, fighting terrorism, global growth, gun control, social security, tax cuts for working families and small businesses, and to fund biotechnology. (usgovinfo.about.com; knowthecandidates.org).

Gore was in the Congress for a total of 17 years. He served in both the House and the Senate. While he was in the House of Representatives, Gore organized the first congressional hearing on global warming and invited professor Revelle to be a witness. (Gore, p. 40). He was surprised to discover that his congressional colleagues showed so much disinterest in the topic. As a senator, he continued to have difficulty getting the urgent message across. He made several attempts during his terms. (Gore, p. 40). In 1988, Gore had his first presidential run. Unfortunately, Michael Dukakis won the Democratic nomination.

In April 1989, young Albert Gore III ran across the street and was hit by a speeding car. He was quickly taken to a hospital and luckily his life was saved. That incident had a major impact on Al Gore’s life. He reset his priorities so that he could focus on what mattered the most to him: his family and the environment. During his son’s recovery, Gore wrote his first book on the environment, “Earth in the Balance”. (Gore, p. 70). His book made the New York Times bestseller list. (hawes.com).

On July 10, 1992, Al Gore officially became Bill Clinton’s running mate. Clinton said that he selected Gore because of his experience with foreign policy and the environment, and his commitment to his family. (query.nytimes.com). They won the election, and the Clinton-Gore administration lasted for 8 years. Professor Greenberg from Rutgers University thought that they really improved the U.S. economy. “Besides the record-high surpluses and the record-low poverty rates, the economy could boast the longest economic expansion in history; the lowest unemployment since the early 1970s; and the lowest poverty rates for single mothers, black Americans, and the aged.” (slate.com).

Al Gore ran for president again in 2000. He might have won, but the controversial Florida election count showed that George W. Bush was the victor. The Florida recount was double-checking the count, but it was brought to a halt by a Supreme Court ruling. There were rumors that he might run again in 2004 and 2008, but they were false. (newsweek.com).

Al Gore has been an environmental activist for the past couple of years, and still is today. He has given many lectures and presentations worldwide on the facts and ideas presented in his book, “An Inconvenient Truth”. (buffalo.edu). The book won an Academy Award in 2007. Gore is currently working on many environmental projects, most of them focusing on global warming. It is his great involvement in environmental issues that makes him admirable to me.

Al Gore is working to make the Earth a better place for all of us. His current projects include The Climate Project, Generation Investment Management, The Alliance for Climate Protection, the “We Can Solve It” organization, and his book and movie, which are both titled “An Inconvenient Truth: The Planetary Emergency of Global Warming and What We Can Do About It”.

The Climate Project is a nonprofit organization for whose goal is to raise the awareness of people around the world about global warming. (theclimateproject.org). Volunteers trained by Al Gore present a slide show on climate change to audiences worldwide. The project was initiated in June 2006. In only two years, the presentations have reached a total of two million people. (theclimateproject.org). The presentations continue to be given today.

The Generation Investment Management was founded by Al Gore and David Blood. The firm does research on “…global change, including climate change and environmental degradation; macroeconomics, poverty and development; water and natural resource scarcity; pandemics and healthcare; and demographics, migration and urbanization.” (generationim.com).

The Alliance for Climate Protection’s objective is to educate people about the importance of finding and using solutions to global warming. They try to reach all different people worldwide without discrimination.

The “We Can Solve It” organization is an online program whose goal is to increase the awareness of global warming. It airs television commercials, and encourages the government to do more to help the environment, and the press to give more attention to the climate change. (wecansolveit.org). It is an international movement, but it is mainly focused in the United States. (wecansolveit.org).

Al Gore faced struggles when trying to get his fellow congressmen to realize the importance of global warming. In his book, “An Inconvenient Truth”, Al Gore says that he thought that Professor Revelle could get the message across to them when he invited him to speak at the first congressional hearing on global warming.

“I really believed that my congressional colleagues on the committee would experience the same epiphany I had when they heard this great scientist’s clear analysis.
I couldn’t have been more wrong. The urgency simply didn’t come across. This surprised and disappointed me. I’d seriously underestimated the resistance—and disinterest—this alarming prognosis of global warming would meet. It wasn’t the last time I would have this experience.
I encountered a similar difficulty when I became a senator and chaired numerous hearings and science roundtables. I ran into it again when some of my colleagues and I failed to pass legislation to cap carbon dioxide emissions. I encountered it in 1987 and 1988 when I first ran for president—in part to gain more attention for this issue—and had great difficulty making it a central focus in the American political dialogue. I experienced it again as vice president when I tried to persuade Congress to pass bold measures to solve the climate crisis, and when I tried to convince the U.S. Senate to ratify the Kyoto Treaty that I helped to write. And I still run into it today.” (Gore, p.40-41).

He has been criticized for the massive amount of energy his home consumes. What they don’t say is that all of the electricity in his home comes from green power. (mediamatters.org). He chooses to pay a lot extra to lessen carbon pollution. The Associated Press reported that Gore “has completed a host of improvements to make the home more energy efficient, and a building-industry group has praised the house as one of the nation’s most environmentally friendly.” (findtarget.com).

Al Gore’s contributions have earned him many awards. He won most of them in 2007. These include the Nobel Peace Prize, the Prince of Asturias Award, an Academy Award for “An Inconvenient Truth”, the Gothenburg Prize for Sustainable Development, and the Sir David Attenborough Award for Excellence in Nature Filmmaking. (thelocal.se).

Character traits of his that I would like to emulate are mainly his concern, and willingness to act upon the environmental problems. I want to have a positive effect on the environment. Another thing that I like about him is that when he talks about environmental problems, he also talks about solutions. He doesn’t just complain and say that “we’re doomed” like some other do. He presents what the problems are, what caused them, and what—not only big companies, but also every individual—can do to help. Some articles about global warming can leave the reader feeling hopeless and fearful, because they only list the problems and how bad they are. Yet it seems to me that the most effective way to present a problem and provoke a positive change is to also suggest possible solutions.

In his book, “An Inconvenient Truth”, Al Gore gives numerous suggestions of every-day things we can do to help solve the climate crisis. There are 16 pages at the end of his book with many suggestions. (Gore p. 305-321).

One thing that disappoints me about Al Gore is that he does consume a lot of energy with his big house and private jet. I personally would walk my talk and be as environmentally friendly as possible. I have read that he uses 100% renewable energy for his house and boat, and he says that he uses renewable energy credits to counterbalance the pollution given off by his jet. (mediamatters.org, usatoday.com). Some people don’t think that the latter is correct. (usatoday.com). Hopefully it is really true.

I have wanted to help clean up the environment sine I was very young. Whenever I heard that there was an oil spill, plastic was killing aquatic animals, forests were being demolished, or that a dam was killing fish, I felt like it was obvious that someone should do something about it. I decided at a very young age that I wanted to help somehow. Now that I am older, my hypothesis that no one was paying enough attention to the environmental damage seems to be correct. I was really happy when I found out that Al Gore has been doing what I have been wanting many people to do: raise awareness about the harm we’ve been afflicting on the environment, and to propose solutions. He is my hero because he is doing what I wanted to do. I am planning on studying environmental engineering in college. I want to improve existing environmentally friendly devices, like windmills, and/or invent new ways to harness renewable energy. Hopefully I can have an effective impact on people and the environment like Al Gore has.





Bibliography
1. Gore, Albert. An Inconvenient Truth. New York, NY: Rodale, 2006.
2. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2007/press.html
3. http://www.al-gore-2004.org/gorebiography/albio.htm
4. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE2DB133DF933A25754C0A964958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=print
5. http://www.theclimateproject.org/aboutus.php
6. http://www.algore.com/
7. http://liveearth.org/
8. http://www.generationim.com/
9. http://www.rense.com/general4/vietgore.htm
10. http://history.sandiego.edu/gen/nature/environ5.html
11. http://www.nytimes.com/library/politics/camp/062100wh-gore.html
12. http://dir.salon.com/story/politics/feature/2000/07/07/born_again/print.html
13. www.hawes.com/1992/1992-11-29.pdf
14. http://www.slate.com/id/2183941/pagenum/all/#page_start
15. http://www.newsweek.com/id/77828
16. http://www.buffalo.edu/greener_ub/gore.html
17. http://www.wecansolveit.org/
18. http://www.thelocal.se/9742/20080123/
19. http://mediamatters.org/items/200806190012?f=h_latest
20. http://findtarget.com/CNN.php?/2007/POLITICS/12/13/gore.home.ap/index.html
21. www-cgi.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1996/candidates/democrat/gore/
22. http://usgovinfo.about.com/blgore2.htm
23. http://www.knowthecandidates.org/ktc/gore.htm
24. http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/editorials/2006-08-09-gore-green_x.htm

April 4, 2009 | 3:56 PM Comments  0 comments
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hi i'm Kelli
Related to country: United States
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Hi, my name is Kelli, i live in Arizona.
I'm Very interested in helping the environment and going green, in any way i can. Our family eats organics only. For christmas, I'm asking for biodegradable trash bags, since they're expensive. I'm interested in learning what i can do to help stop environmental problems like global warming, and will be more involved when i get older. I am looking for a college where I can major in environmental engineering. I'm pretty sure that I want to either improve current renewable energy technology, or invent new ways to harness renewable energy.

i'm a visual artist, i do painting (oils, acrylics, and watercolor), drawing (mostly pencil or colored pencil), and photography ( i like 35mm photography, i love all the endless possibilities of what you can do in the dark room developing process!)

here's some information on Waldorf schools, AKA the best schools ever:

Waldorf schools offer a developmentally appropriate, balanced approach to education that integrates the arts and academics for children from preschool through twelfth grade. It encourages the development of each child's sense of truth, beauty, and goodness, and provides an antidote to violence, alienation, and cynicism. The aim of the education is to inspire in each student a lifelong love of learning, and to enable them to fully develop their unique capacities.

if you have a chance to, or you know someone who does, tell them to go to a Waldorf school! they won't regret it. :)

April 19, 2008 | 5:24 PM Comments  2 comments
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